I whakaputaina · Maori

Te kōwhiri i te hinonga tika mō tētahi kamupene Haina

Aratohu mahi mō ngā kaihanga kamupene o tāwāhi e whakaaro ana ki te tīmata pakihi ki Haina: ngā momo hinonga, ngā whakaaroaro, me ngā mahi tika. He mōhiohio whānui noa iho, ehara i te tohutohu ture, tāke rānei.

Ka whakaaro ana koe ki te tīmata pakihi ki Haina, ko tētahi o ngā whakatau tuatahi, nui hoki, ko te kōwhiri i te momo hinonga. Ehara tēnei i te mea noa noa — ka pā ki te pūnaha tāke, te kawenga, te mana whakahaere, te huarahi ki te moni, me te ngāwari o te whakahaere i ia rā. Ko tēnei tuhinga he mōhiohio whānui noa iho, ehara i te tohutohu ture, tāke rānei. Me kōrero koe ki tētahi rōia, ki tētahi kaitohutohu tāke rānei e mōhio ana ki ngā ture o Haina i mua i te whakatau.

Ngā momo hinonga matua

E rua ngā huarahi matua mō te kaihanga o tāwāhi: te hanga i tētahi hinonga ā-tāwāhi (foreign-invested enterprise, FIE) ki Haina, te mahi tahi rānei ki tētahi kamupene Haina mā tētahi whakaritenga. I roto i ngā FIE, e toru ngā momo e kitea nuitia ana:

• WLL (Wholly Foreign-Owned Limited Liability Company): Ko koe anake te kaipupuri. Ka whakaaetia te mana whakahaere katoa ki a koe, engari me whai rawa tāu, me whakarite hoki i te pūnaha tāke me te pūnaha nama.
• EJV (Equity Joint Venture): Ka noho tahi koe me tētahi hoa Haina. Ka taea te uru ki ngā hononga ā-rohe me ngā rauemi o te hoa, engari me whakarite marama te wehenga o te mana whakahaere, o te hua, o te whakatau.
• CJV (Cooperative Joint Venture): He momo whakaritenga ngāwari ake, ka whakaritea ngā tika me ngā here i runga i te kirimana, ehara i te mea e rite ana ki te pāhi o te kamupene.

I tua atu, ka taea e ētahi te whakamahi i tētahi wāhi mahi (representative office) mō te rangahau mākete me te whakapā, engari kāore e taea te mahi moni tika. Ko te peka (branch) o tētahi kamupene tāwāhi he whiringa anō, engari he uaua ake te whakatū me te whakahaere.

Ngā whakaaroaro i mua i te kōwhiri

Kāore he momo hinonga e tika ana mō ngā tāngata katoa. Me āta whakaaro koe ki ēnei āhuatanga:

• Te mana whakahaere: Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te whakahaere katoa i tō pakihi, mā te WLL pea e tika ai. Mēnā he uaua ā-rohe, he hononga rānei e hiahiatia ana, mā te EJV pea.
• Te pūnaha tāke me te kawenga: Ka pā te momo hinonga ki te pānga tāke, ki te kawenga o ngā kaipupuri, me te huarahi ki ngā whakaaetanga. Me whakamārama tēnei ki tētahi kaitohutohu.
• Te uru ki te mākete: Ko ētahi umanga e herea ana ki ngā rārangi whakaaetanga (negative list). Me tirotiro mēnā ka whakaaetia tō momo pakihi, ā, he aha ngā here.
• Te moni me te pūtea: Me whakarite i te pūtea tīmatanga, te whakapaunga o te whakatū, me te huarahi ki te pūtea ā-tāwāhi. He rerekē ngā whakaritenga mō ia momo.
• Te noho roa: Mēnā he kaupapa poto noa, he uaua ake te whakatū i tētahi FIE. Mēnā he kaupapa roa, he pai ake pea te FIE.

Te hātepe whakatū

Ahakoa ko tēhea momo ka kōwhiria e koe, he rite tonu te hāngai o ngā hātepe matua. Ko te nuinga o ngā mahi ka mahia mā te pūnaha ā-rohe o te tari whakahaere mākete (market regulation) me ētahi atu tari. Ko ngā wāhanga matua:

• Te rēhita ingoa kamupene me te whakaaetanga o mua mēnā e hiahiatia ana.
• Te tuku i ngā tuhinga whakatū: te kirimana, te tūtohinga, me ngā taipitopito o ngā kaipupuri me ngā kaiwhakahaere.
• Te whiwhi i te raihana pakihi (business licence).
• Te rēhita tāke, te rēhita nama, me te whakatuwhera i te pūkete pēke.
• Te whakarite i te wāhi mahi, i ngā kaimahi, me ngā whakaritenga ā-ture.

He maha ngā taipitopito ā-rohe, ā, ka rerekē pea te hātepe i ia tāone. Me whakamahi koe i tētahi kaitohutohu ā-rohe e mōhio ana ki te wāhi e hiahia ana koe ki te noho.

Ngā raruaru e kitea nuitia ana

He maha ngā kaihanga o tāwāhi ka raru i ngā mea e whai ake nei:

• Te whakaiti i te wā: He roa ake te whakatū i tētahi FIE i te mea e whakaarohia ana. Me whakarite i te wā mō te whakaaetanga, mō te rēhita, mō te pēke hoki.
• Te kore mōhio ki te pūnaha tāke: He rerekē te pūnaha tāke o Haina, ā, he nui ngā ture ā-rohe. Me whakamārama i ngā herenga o te tāke utu, o te tāke moni whiwhi, me te tāke uara.
• Te whakaritenga o te mana whakahaere: I roto i te EJV, me tino mārama te wehenga o te mana whakahaere me te huarahi ki te whakatau i ngā tautohe.
• Te uru ki te pūtea: He herenga ā-ture mō te whakawhiti i te moni ki waho o Haina. Me mōhio koe ki ēnei here i mua.
• Te tiaki i te muna: Me whakarite i ngā whakaritenga tiaki i ngā mōhiohio me ngā kirimana.

He kupu whakamutunga

Ko te kōwhiri i te hinonga tika he whakatau nui e hāngai ana ki tō kaupapa pakihi, ki tō pūtea, ki tō noho roa, me tō hiahia ki te mana whakahaere. Kāore he whakautu kotahi mō ngā tāngata katoa. Me āta rangahau, me kōrero ki ngā kaitohutohu e mōhio ana ki ngā ture o Haina, ā, me whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga ā-rohe. Kia mahara: he mōhiohio whānui noa iho tēnei tuhinga, ehara i te tohutohu ture, tāke rānei. Me whai tohutohu ngaio koe i mua i te whakatau.